Buddhism is a philosophy of life and is divided into a number of different traditions. Most of the traditions share a common set of fundamental beliefs, or, Truths.
The Buddha (“Buddha” means “Enlightened One”) was not a God and the philosophy of Buddhism does not entail any specific religious worldview. Buddha’s teachings are aimed solely at liberating sentient beings from suffering.
The Basic teachings of Buddha and the core of Buddhism are:
The Three Universal Truths
Nothing is lost in the Universe
Everything Changes
The Law of Cause and Effect
The Four Noble Truths
Dukkha-Suffering exists
Samudaya-There is cause of suffering
Nirodha-There is an end to suffering
Magga-In order to end suffering, you must follow the Eightfold Path
The Noble Eightfold Path
Panna-Discernment, wisdom
Samma ditthi-Right understanding
Samma sankappa-Right thinking
These are referred to as Prajna or wisdom
Sila-Virtue, morality
Samma vaca-Right speech
Samma Kammanta-Right conduct or action
Samma ajiva-Support yourself without harming others.
These are referred to as Shila, or Morality
Samadhi-Concentration, meditation
Samma Vayama-Right effort
Samma Sati-Right mindfulness
Samma Samadhi-Right Concentration
These are referred to as Samadha or Collect, Bring together such as concentration or unification of mind.
Buddhist monks reaffirm their faith in the 5 principles known as Panchsheel.
Do not take life
Do not steal
Do not commit adultery
Do not lie
Do not consume liquor or other intoxicants
There are many sects of Buddhism and different kinds of Buddhist monks. The life and customs of Buddhists monks are different and unique, but they all have a spiritual meaning. Their life follows a strict schedule and revolves around meditation, study of scripture and being part of ceremonies. Buddhist shrines, monasteries (where monks live), Gompas and Buddhist Stupas are all over the world.
References:
Ven. Phramaha Nopadol Saisuta, Deputy Dean, Faculty of Buddhism, Mahachulalongkorn University, Thailand
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